On Lines of Operations

The purpose of this study is to explore and expand the concept of a line of operations and determine its relevance to operational art, and its application to campaign design. Currently, the concept of a line of operations is misunderstood and poorly defined. But it remains a relevant and enduring concept of great utility towards operational art and modern warfare. To better understand this enduring concept this study will review the theory of a line of operations: the elements, application, characteristics, and principles. A line of operations has both a logistics and maneuver component. After exploring the concept of a line of operations, the author will present a new perspective derived from the concept of a line of operations: the vector of operations. This study will also discuss the concepts of interior and exterior lines of operations. The author will present new forms of lines of operations that provide one of the ways to achieve ones aims (effects) by coordinating vectors of operations in time and space relative to the enemy. This study will conclude with a section on the relevance and application of the concepts of lines of operations to campaign design.